Anatomy (n): A branch of morphology that deals with the structure of organisms and their structural makeup. Morphology can also be applied to the structure of non-living things like Architecture or Robotics.
Histology = Really Tiny Anatomy (Cells)
Physiology = Functionality
Pharmacology = Drugs + Physiology
Immunology = Immune System + Physiology
Kinesiology = Body Mechanics
Anatomy asks What and Where
Physiology asks How and Why
Anatomy is Form (Matter)
Physiology is Function (Pattern)
Kinesiology = Action (Actor)
Nutrient: Substance (chemically defined component) of food that we require for survival, growth and reproduction.
1 Calorie = 4.20 kJ (THC is All you Need)
1 kJ = 0.238 Calories (2+3+5 = 13)
Noradrenaline, Adrenaline, Cortisol, Growth Hormone, Thyroid Hormone all trigger Gluconeogenesis.
Very Low Density Lipids one method of Fat Storage
Chylomicrons are produced for the purpose of transporting dietary triglycerides and cholesterol absorbed by intestinal epithelia. Chylomicron assembly originates in the intestinal mucosa. Excretion into the plasma is facilitated through the lymphatic system.
Movement Terms
Motion Types:
Active: Consciously Moved in the Direction
Passive: Forcefully Moved in the Direction
Resisted: Forcefully Moved in the Direction, Consciously Moved in Opposite Direction
Abduction: Away from Midline (Abduct = Away)
Adduction: Towards Midline
Wrist Abduction = Radial Deviation or Towards Radial Bone in Anatomical Position.
Wrist Adduction = Ulnar Deviation or Towards Ulnar Bone in Anatomical Position.
Flexion: Decrease Angles between two joints (Fetal Position direction)
- Elbow Flexion brings Forearm towards Upper Arm decreasing the angle between them.
- Hip Flexion brings Legs Up decreasing the angle between the Legs and Torso
Extension: Increase Angles between two joints. - Elbow Extension brings Forearm away from Upper Arm increasing the angle between them.
- Hip Extension brings Legs towards the standing position or behind the Torso (Hyperextension)
Medial or Internal Rotation: Towards Midline of the Bone/Joint’s
- Straight Arms/Knees: Pointing Thumb/Toes towards Midline
- Bent Arms/Knees: Rotating Hands Arm towards Midline, Feet away from Midline (Femur rotating towards the Midline pushes feet away from Midline when Knees are bent).
Lateral or External Rotation:
- Straight Arms/Knees: Pointing Thumb/Toes away from Midline
- Bent Arms/Knees: Rotating Hands Arm away from Midline, Feet towards Midline (Femur rotating towards the Midline pushes feet away from Midline when Knees are bent).
Supination: Rotating palms upward/forward
Pronation: Rotating palms downward/backward
Plantar Flexion = Pointing (Planting) Toes Downwards
Dorsi Flexion = Pointing Toes Upwards (towards Dorsal)
Inversion = Soles of Feet pointing Medially
Eversion = Soles of Feet pointing Laterally
Elevate = Shoulders pulled Upwards (Superiorally)
Depress = Shoulders pulled Downwards (Inferiorally)
Protract = Shoulders pulled Forwards (Anteriorally)
Retract = Shoulders pulled Backwards (Posteriorally)
Circumduction = Circular Rotation of Neck, Arms at Shoulder Joint or Legs at Hip Joint
Anatomical Position = Standing all joins Extended, Feet facing Forward, Palms Supinated?